Apparatus for treating pistons



Jan. 30, 1945. H. P.'PHILLIPS' APPARATUS FOR TREATING PISTONS 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 23, 1942 a Z w I 4 v 2 W Jan. 30, 1945. H. P.PHILLIPS 2,368,377

APPARATUS FOR TREATING PISTONS Filed April 25, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2zones longitudinally of the piston, the worksup- Patented'Jan. 30, 19:45

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Hastings I Mich, a corporation or r v hpplication 'dpril 23,1942, Serialno. amass I result in the ultimate fracturing of the pistonwallorchangeinits shape. p,

Third, to provide an apparatus for treating pistons which may be usedsuccessfully by persons other than highly skilled mechanics. Fourth, toprovide an apparatus having these advantages in which the amount ofoil'set 1n the piston skirt can be accurately determined.

Fifth, to provide an apparatu for-performing a method of treatingcessfully practiced on a form results.

Objects relating to details and economies of the invention will appearfrom the description to follow. The inventionis defined in the claims;

A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which: I Fig. 1 is a perspective view of anapparatus embodying the features of my invention with a piston inposition'in the. machine, the parts being shown in actuated position.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view showing further details of theapparatus.

Fig. 3-is a side elevation of a piston treated by the apparatus. f

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view in section on line 4-4 of Fig. 6with a piston in opera tive position at the end of the completion of thework thereon.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view showing further details of the actuatingmeans.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail section ona line corresponding to line 6-6of Fig. 4.

The embodiment .of 'my invention illustrated comprises a table or benchI mounted upon suitable legs or standards 2. At one end of the table Imount a pair of laterally spaced work supports large scaleand withunipose of these notches will be pistons which may be sucparatus fortreating pistons. the piston skirt.

tings Mich.,' assignor' to 1 Manufacturing CompanmbHastinga- Michiganports exten din end having an upright web v8 thereon to the sides "ofwhich the plates! are. bolted to provide an upwardly facinggroove-like'I of this holder. =The upper faceyor bottom I 0 holderis inclined asshown in Fig. 6.

The anvil or outerdie member I I has a. down- I wardly facinglongitudinal groove-like recess l3 therein receiving the upper edge ofthe adjusting member H which has an inclined bottom I 5 complementary tothe inclined surface In of the holder so that by adjusting the member l4longil5 tudinally in the holder, the outer die or anvil member II israisedand lowered. This member l I has a concavely curved facelt with aseries of spaced notches I! in the edges thereof. The purpointed out asthe description proceeds.

The adjusting member I4 is adjusted by the screw l 8'having afinger-piece l 9 at its outer end, the screw. .being threaded throughthe bracket 20 and having a swivel connection to the member M, theconnection not being shown. This screw has an indicia member 2| having amiorometer scale indicating thirty-thousandths of an inch.v An indexfinger or pointer 22 is mounted on the screw and adjustably associatedwith the scale or gauging indicia. f

In adjusting, the work is laid upon the supporting members and the screwadjusted until the anvil member is brought into contact with the skirtof the piston. The index finger is then adjusted preferably to atopposition where it can be easily viewed and the screw backed off to thedesired degree. For example, 'if it were desired .to oflset the pistonthirty-thousandths of an inch, the thumb piece would be given onecomplete rotation. The inner die member or thrust member 23 is thenpositioned within the piston in opposed relation to the anvil die memberand I in the die member 23 so that there is, in'efiect,

3, these work supports having angular work ena balland socket thrustengagement between these members.

. Thethrust member 24 is supported in a slot- I 28 in the bracket orframe-piece 29 both for horizontal movement to bring the arm 25 into andout of operative position and also to permit vertical movement forapplying the actuating thrust to the die member. To this end,I-associate the substantially the length of v The table is preview witha 'iaterally disposed .I portion I atone point.

actuating lever 31! with the arm 3| on the lower end of the thrustmember.

The lever 30 is pivoted at 32 on a pair of spaced brackets or ears 33,the pivot 32 being selectively engageable with the vertical series ofholes 34 in these ears. It will be noted that the lever engages the arm3| very close to the pivot so that a very powerful lever action results.This permits the use of a relatively light weight 35 for actuating thelever. The weight is preferably used so as to secure a uniform thrust oractuation. The weight is provided with eyes 36 which are slidable on thelever to and from its pivotal Lateral movement of the lever is preventedby a pair of spaced upward]: projecting arms 31 and 38 disposed near theouter end of the table. A threaded stop 89 provided with a knurledfinger-piece 40 is disposed near the inner end of the lever to limit thedownward movement thereof or to stop its downward movement during theforming operation.

In adjusting the work, the weight 35 is preferablymoved inwardly on thelever. In placing work in the machine or apparatus, the thrust member isretracted to the position shown in Fig. 2, the-work placed on thesupports, the

inner die member or thrust die member positioned within the work, andthe thrust member I 24 is then moved horizontally to position its arm 25above the die member so that when actuated the spherical thrust member26 will engage the socket '23.

It will be noted that the burners are positioned so that the flamesthereof are directed upwardly between the downwardly diverging innersides of the supports 3 and at either side of the outer or anvil diemember ii. The series of notches in the support members and thecorresponding series-of notches I! in the outer or anvil die member Hfacilitate the heating of the portion of the piston skirt at and betweenthe supported zones thereof. The burners are provided with a controlvalve 43.

with the work in position and the outer or anvil die member'properlybackedofl' from the work to the desired degree, as has been described,the burners are lighted and the weight moved outwardly to operativeposition. As soon as the metal becomes sufliciently heated, theactuating lever, actuated through its weight, will oflset, the portionof the piston between the supports-as indicated at until the onsetportion contacts the outer oranvil die member.

In order that the operator may better observe the offsetting action orthe heating action, I provide a graduated scale I! with which Iassociate the pointer 46 which is pivoted at 41. This pointer has acounterweight 48 which is, however, merely intended to counterbalancethe pointer onits pivot. This pointer is operatively connected to theactuating lever by the link 19 which is adjustably connected to theouter end of the actuating lever by the thumb screw 56 arranged throughthe slide 5| receiving the link, the link being hooked to engage overthe pointer. It will be observed that, the pointer end of the pointerhas a very substantial throw for convenience in observation or reading.

When the apparatus is set up ready for operation, the link is adjustedso that the pointer indicates zero on the scale of 45. As soon as thelever begins to travel downwardly as results from the softening of themetal, the pointer begins to swing upwardly as indicated in Fig. 1

it indicates overheating oi the work. the operator can adjust the valve0 or close it entirely. Another safety factor is provided in theadjustable stop 38 which in the event the operator is of the opinionthat the work has been sufliciently heated or is becoming excessivelyheated, he can adjust the screw to stop the action of the lever. Thesefeatures areaids to avoid injury to the work and as a matter of generalconvenience for use of the apparatus. The lever is preferablylongitudinally slotted, as shown in Fig. 2. to embrace the upright 55,thus providing further support for the lever.

While the method may be very satisfactorily carried out with theapparatus illustrated, it may be practiced by other apparatus in whichthe separate steps are mainly manually performed.

I have illustrated and described my invention in an embodiment which Ihave found highly satisfactory and one which enables the very rapid andpractical treatment of pistons without subjecting the metal thereof toundesirable stresses as frequently results from the variously practicedhammering and distortion methods. By

the use of this apparatus very little grinding or finishing is requiredas the resizing or offsetting is very uniform and the degree ofoiisetting may be controlled to a thousandth of an inch.

I have not attempted to illustrate or describe the various modificationsand adaptations which I contemplate as it is believed that thisdisclosure will enable those skilled in the art to embody or adapt myinvention as may be desired. v I

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent,is:

1. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair oflaterally spaced work supports, said work supports being disposed tosupportingly engage a piston along spaced lines extending longitudinallyof the piston, a die member support disposed below and centrallyrelative to said work supports and having an upwardly facing groove-likeholder provided with an inclined bottom, an adjusting member disposed insaid holder and having an inclined bottom complementary to the inclinedbottom of said holder, an outer die member having its die face disposedbetween and below the line of supporting engagement of said worksupports with the piston, said die member being grooved to receive saidadjusting member, an adjusting screw for said adjusting member providedwith micrometer indicia and associated pointer, the adjustand if thismovement is too rapid-'-that is; if to merit of said adjusting membermoving said die member towards or from the work on said work supports,an inner die member adapted to be disposed within the piston in opposedrelation to said outer die member, an adjustably mounted thrust memberfor said inner die member to move the inner die member towards the outerdie member, said thrust member and inner die member having ball andsocket coengaging portions, an actuating lever coactlng with said thrustmember, an actuating weight ver, a movement indicator for said actutainglever comprising a pointer and associated indicia, said pointer beingdetachably connected with said actuating lever, said outer die memberbeing spaced from said work supports to expose spaced areas of thepiston extending longitudinally thereof, burners disposed on oppositesides of said outer die member to deliver heat onto said exposedadjustable on said actuating le-.

ative to said work the inner die member burners being and having acurved faceand notches in its sides areas o'fthepiston, and trollingsaid burners. I I a 2. In .an'apparatus of theclass described, the

manual means for, con-- -combina'tion of a-pair of laterally spaced worksupports. said work supports being disposedto supportingly engage a'piston along spaced'lines' I I assess? combination of a pair oflaterally, spaced work supports, an outer die member having its facedis- 7 posed between and spaced from the work supouter die memberextending longitudinally of the piston, a die I I supports and having anupwardly facing groove-like holder provided with an inclined bottom, anadjusting member dis,- posed in said holder complementary to thinclined' bottom of the piston, saiddie member being grooved to receivesaid adjusting member, an adjusting'screw for said adjusting memberprovided with micrometer indicia and associated pointer. the adjustmentof said adjusting member, movingsaid die member towards or from thework. on said' work supports. an inner die memberadapted to thrustmember for said inner die member to move towards the outer die mem-jber, said thrust member and inner die member having ball and socketcoengaglng portions, an actuating lever coacting with said thrustmember, an actuating weight adjustableon said actuating lever, saidouter die said work supports to expose spaced areas ofthe pistonextending longitudinally thereof, burners,

disposed on opposite sides of said outer die member to deliver heat ontosaid exposed'area of the piston, and manual means for controlling said3. In an apparatus of combination of a pair of laterally spaced worksupports having angular edges and downwardly diverging innersides,.sa'id work supporting edge being disposed to engage a pistonalong spaced lines extending longitudinally of the piston, a die membersupport disposed below and centrally relative to said work supports andhaving an upwardly facing groovelike holder provided with an inclinedbottom, an-

adjusting member disposed in said holder and having an inclined bottomcomplementary to the inclined bottom of said holder, an outer die memberhaving its die face disposed between and below the lines of supportingengagement of said work support with the piston, said die member groovedto receive said adjusting member opening to said face, an adjustingscrew for said adjusting member provided with micrometer indicia andassociated pointer, the adjustment of said adjusting member moving saiddie member towards or from the work on said work'supports,

an inner die member adapted to be disposed within the piston in opposedrelation to said outer die member, means for applying pressure to saidinner die member to move the inner die member to.-

wards the outer die member, and burnersdisposed on opposite sides ofsaid outer die member to deliver heat to exposed areas of said pistonbetween the downwardly diverging walls of said support members and onboth sides'of said outer die member, said notches in said supports andouter die member facilitating the distribution of heat to the piston,and manual means for controlling said burners. I

4. In an apparatu of the class described, the

member being spaced from member support disposed below and centrallyreland having an inclined-botj portaa die member support having aninclined supporting surface, an adjusting member for said mounted onsaid support and having aninclined surface opposed to the inclinedsurface of said support,,an adjusting screw e forsaid adjusting memberprovided with indicia and associated pointer, the adjustment of saidadiusting'member moving said die member-towards or from the work on saidwork supports,

I an inner die member adapted to be disposed within the piston inopposed relation to said outer die 7 be disposed within the piston inopposedrelation .1

.ton' between the said member, a thrust member for said'inner die memberto move the inner die'member' towards the outer die member, an actuatinglever coacting.

with said thrust member, an adjustable'actuating weight forvsaidactuating, lever, a manually adjustable stop for said lever, a movementindicator for said actuating lever comprising-a pointer'and associatedindicia, said pointer being 'detachably connected with said actuatinglever, and burners disposed on opposite sides of said outer die-member,to deliver heat to exposed areas of said pisboth sides of said outer diemember.

the class described, the

40 notched work-engaging 5'. In an apparatus of the class described, thecombination of apair of laterally spaced work supports, an outer diemember having its facedlsposed between and spaced from the work-sup-'-ports, a die member support having an inclined supporting surface,anadjusting member for said outer die member mounted on, said supportand having an inclined surface opposed to the inclined surface of saidsupport, an adjusting screw for said adjusting member provided withindicia and associated pointer, the adjustment: of said adjusting membermoving said die member tosaid work supports, an

wards or from the work on inner die member adapted to be disposed withinthe piston in opposed relation to said outer die member, a thrust memberfor said inner die member to move the inner die member towards the outerdie member, an actuating lever coacting with said thrust member, anadjustable actuating weight for said actuating lever, and burnersdisposed on opposite sides of said outer die member to deliver heat toexposed areas of said piston between the said support members and onboth sides of said outer die member. I

6. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair oflaterally spaced work supports having notched work-engaging portionsdisposed to engage a piston along spaced areas extending longitudinallyand exteriorly of the piston, an anvil die member disposed between andspaced from said work-engaging portions and having a series of notchesin its sides opening to its face, a die member support'having aninclined supporting surface, an adjusting member for aid anvil diemember mounted on said support and having an inclined surface opposed tothe inclined bottom ofv said support, an adjusting screw for saidadjusting member provided with indicia and associated pointer, theadjustment of said adlusting member moving said die member towards orfrom the work on said work supports, a thrust die member adapted to bedisposed within the piston in opposed relation to said anvil die member,means for actuating said thrust die member towards said anvil diemember, and burners dis- Posed on opposite sides of said thrust diemember to deliver heat onto the exposed areas of the piston between thesaid support members and on support members and on its face, means ioradjusting said anvi die member relative to said work supports. a thrustdie member opposed to said anvil die member, means for actuating saidthrust die member towards said anvil die member, and means disposed onopposite sides of said anvil die member for delivering heat between thesaid supports and on both sides of said anvil die member, said notchesin said supports and anvil die member facilitat- 10. ing'thedistribution of heat to the work.

HAR

OLD P. PHILLIPS.

